🦆 I grew up feeding our local ducks bread and only now, thanks to this sign, have I learned that it’s not good for them.

fun facts 🙌

Ancestor of the pickup truck. I didn’t know that this was a truck before it was a rock band. “The REO Speed Wagon (alternatively Reo Speedwagon) was a light motor truck model manufactured by REO Motor Car Company. It is an ancestor of the pickup truck.” It debuted in 1915 and kept going through at least 1953, showing up as everything from delivery trucks to hearses. ~ learn more

Castle Map. “Castlemap is a free interactive map of 5,793 of the world’s greatest castles, fortresses and palaces across 138 countries.” Click any point for a photo and quick facts, and if your favorite fortress is missing, you can get it in by improving its Wikidata entry. ~ learn more

The science of using drugs and not dying. “If you can, do drugs with other people, and do them in a place where you feel safe.” It’s a practical harm reduction guide: assume people will use, then focus on the small choices that keep them alive. ~ learn more

How elevators push your buttons. “It turns out these fancy kiosks are in general worse for wait times compared to the traditional good ol’ up and down buttons.” The reason is flexibility: “RSR also re-optimizes every 5 seconds,” but kiosks lock you into the assigned car even if the world changes. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

How to tell the market you’re about to spend a lot of money. “Tesla is entering a much broader and more capital-intensive growth phase.” Cern Basher’s thread frames Elon’s core point as a shift from demand constraints to production constraints across cars, robotaxi, robots, chips, and electricity. ~ learn more

Who’s afraid of Chinese models?. “What this means is that tokens are not a commodity.” Ben Thompson argues the thing that becomes fungible is the output, not the raw token count, so cost structure and token efficiency end up mattering more than headline prices. ~ learn more

Five tenets of cult brands. “First is doctrine. Having identity before features, what is the sacred text that everybody abides by?” Will H. Mayer breaks down the full checklist: doctrine, ritual, symbols and language, a charismatic leader, and an enemy. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

Lawmakers make weird laws. New Jersey just banned “surveillance pricing” on groceries and other necessities. Here’s the boogeyman: grocery stores are going to charge you more because of data they have about you. So, not only are the shelf price labels going to change as you or I walk past them (lets hope we’re not walking together), but by the time we get to the register the scanner will know that you and I are supposed to pay a different price? And of course I won’t notice so I would never just shop at … a different store. Congratulations to all the lawmakers patting themselves on the back for saving consumers from this imaginary evil. ~ learn more

The genius tax collection trick by Taiwan. Taiwan turns every receipt into a bimonthly lottery ticket so customers demand receipts and businesses can’t hide sales. It also gives the people a little taste of gambling in a country where it’s illegal. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

A computer inside a thread. “Here a textile fibre computer that monolithically combines analogue sensing, digital memory, processing and communication in a mass of less than 5 g is presented.” They thermal-draw eight microdevices into a machine-washable, stretchable fibre, then get a garment to do distributed inference by networking one fibre computer per limb. ~ learn more

Reviewing slop papers at gunpoint. “I am basically reviewing slop papers at gunpoint. It feels like living in some weird level of hell.” Two reviewers describe a summer where 15 of 22 submissions they saw had fabricated citations, fake author lists, or unmistakable LLM-generated writing. ~ learn more

thoughts of food 🍔

A dream begins with a ¥1 ice cream. “As of Q3’24, Mixue operates more than 45,000 stores globally (only 20 being self-owned). This makes it the largest food chain worldwide by store count.” ~ learn more

CheapFoodMap - Find meals under $10 across the US. “Cheap eats under $10, all over the map. Tap a pin.” A simple little site that does exactly what it says: shows cheap food spots near you on a map. Proof that you can just build things! ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🏙️ There’s nothing quite like this view of the city from the water!

If you want two quick back-to-back fun things to read: (1) They’re made out of meat. (2) They’re made out of weights. Let me know how these sit with you!

fun facts 🙌

The one specimen that counts. “A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism that is the one that was used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described.” It is the anchor for a species name, even if it is only a fragment, and “Even if a better specimen is subsequently found, the holotype is not superseded.” ~ learn more

The oldest buildings on every continent. “These seven human-made structures are currently considered to be the earliest on each continent.” A tight tour from 1899 huts in Antarctica to Göbekli Tepe around 9500 BCE, with the reminder that better dating will keep reshuffling the list. ~ learn more

The men spending $1,000 a day in pursuit of big bass. “There’s a fine line between passion and obsession. In the world of stalking largemouth bass, that line comes in at the ten-pound mark on a scale. For most anglers, a fish weighing in the double digits is the catch of a lifetime. A brag most drinking buddies can’t top. A freak outlier that’s part ecological kismet, part piscatory prowess, and a whole lot of damn luck.” ~ learn more

oh, chicago 🏆

Clout Street. Believe it or not, a couple friends and I once stumbled across this secret road and shaved some minutes off our drive! “The Magic Road!” Cook County Board President Toni Preckwinkle laughed, explaining that it is “a special highway that permits government officials to speed on their way without having to suffer traffic delays.” It is the McCormick Place Busway, a 2.5 mile, $43 million slipstream into downtown Chicago. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Internet security is an illusion. OpenAI’s team was running a new model in an offline sandbox and asking it to do something hard. Instead of doing that hard thing, it decided to do a different hard thing: hack out of its sandbox to access another OpenAI machine to get to the internet to hack website Hugging Face to hopefully find someone else’s answer to the hard problem it was posed by OpenAI’s staff. ~ learn more

Model intelligence is rented. “Model intelligence is a rented advantage. Position is an owned one.” Rob May argues the easy “ChatGPT for X” era is over, and the new opportunities are in routing, orchestration, governance, and narrow models that do one job perfectly. ~ learn more

The Vegas Loop. “The most important innovation behind the Boring Company’s Vegas Loop is not the tunnel itself. It is the way the transportation network is organized. Traditional subway systems are generally built around linear routes. A train travels along a fixed line, stopping at a predetermined sequence of stations whether every passenger needs those stops or not. The Vegas Loop is designed differently. It treats each station as an independent node within a larger point-to-point network.” This is too many words, but an interesting point if the infrastructure is considered to be public transit. ~ learn more

Nobody knows what a used GPU cluster is worth. “This week’s CipherTalk is about what happens to a specific kind of debt when the collateral itself can walk out the door with the operations team.” A used GPU cluster is not a building with a neat appraisal, because its real value depends on invisible operational state and the people who know all the weird failure modes. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Mental effort is the real divide. “What will differentiate people is not how smart they are but their relationship to mental effort.” The early story of AI at work is not leisure, it is intensity: one study found that after adopting AI, “The time that these early adopters spent on email, messaging, and chat apps more than doubled.” ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

A cancer vaccine in one day. “With AI, the company said the procedure could be completed in a day.” Beijing-based Likang Life Sciences is building what it says is China’s first production line for AI-assisted personalized tumor vaccines, designed to tailor a shot by reading a patient’s tumor DNA for the mutations driving the disease. We pioneer this technology in the US, of course, and it’d be great for us to similarly invest in production scale. ~ learn more

Mine Reddit for drug side effects. “there are zero long term studies on BPC-157 use.” So he processed 37k comments from peptide subreddits and pulled “over 2400 AE reports” to map what people say happens, including dechallenge and rechallenge cases. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

The $7 breaking point. “Every consumer has their limit as to how much they will pay for a given item, and for Dorito’s customers, that limit is apparently $7 a bag.” Frito-Lay tried promos and smaller bags instead of cutting prices, and it backfired hard enough that Walmart even gave Doritos less shelf space. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Sleep regularity beats sleep duration. “Sleep regularity was a stronger predictor of all-cause mortality than sleep duration.” They computed a Sleep Regularity Index from more than 10 million hours of wrist accelerometer data in 60,977 UK Biobank participants, and the most regular sleepers had meaningfully lower all-cause, cancer, and cardiometabolic mortality risk. ~ learn more

130% solar cells, kind of. “The result is a measurable quantum yield of around 130%.” Not exactly 130% energy efficiency as the article title implies, it is 1.3 charge carriers harvested per photon, which is still pretty cool.. ~ learn more

The first BCI company with a CE marked device for the restoration of detailed form vision. “For decades, losing central vision to this disease meant losing the ability to read, recognize faces, and ultimately losing independence. There was no viable treatment. Now there is.” Science Corp. says PRIMA just launched commercially in Europe after receiving a CE mark, and NEJM-published trial results suggest it can restore functional central vision for some patients with geographic atrophy from age-related macular degeneration. ~ learn more

teaching the kids 👩‍🏫

Sit with not-knowing. “The faster [the students] go, the fewer the opportunities for hesitation, judgment, or uncertainty.” Gert Biesta argues schools should protect that slow, resistant space, especially now that AI can rush students to a polished answer before they have even decided what is worth asking. ~ learn more

profiles of people 🚶

The man behind Grand Theft Auto 6: Strauss Zelnick. This guy’s story is absolutely incredible. Could not recommend it more. “Zelnick had written memos for Carl Icahn twice saying stay away. Then Icahn told him to read the bylaws.” ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🎣 I dropped in to Orlando this week for the annual fishing industry tradeshow. I am pleased to report uneventful round trip flights. When I returned to Chicago, I looked out the airplane window to find the city in a haze from the Canadian smoke. I’m glad it cleared up quickly in time for a weekend outside!

fun facts 🙌

A love story in survey data. “The data for this story is from How Couples Meet and Stay Together, which surveyed Americans in 2017, 2020, and 2022.” The Pudding turns a Stanford dataset into an interactive look at how relationships start and change over time. ~ learn more

Prescriptions every 30 seconds. “Clinicians who worked for the start-up signed prescriptions for Adderall, a leading treatment for A.D.H.D., every 30 seconds, according to the Justice Department.” Two Done Global executives were sentenced after prosecutors said the company pushed stimulants, including refills for patients who were on involuntary psychiatric holds or had died. ~ learn more

Total energy supply explained. Someone has turned my daughter against gasoline—because it’s bad for the environment. She suggested electricity would be a superior power source for cars. I asked her where electricity comes from. “Total energy supply (TES) includes all the energy produced in or imported to a country, minus that which is exported or stored.” The IEA’s world dashboard breaks down the 2023 total production with oil at 30% and coal at 28% of supply. ~ learn more

China is winning the vibe shift. “China is now seen more positively than the U.S. in most of 36 countries surveyed.” Pew’s new global survey of 42,151 people shows a sharp reversal from recent years, with favorability toward China rising as views of the U.S. slide. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Robotics slop. “Still, he is keen to test consumers’ tolerance for what he calls ‘robotics slop’: tasks that are clumsily executed.” Robot company 1X’s Neo looks elegant and quiet in person, but some of the impressive demos are tele-operated, and even 1X admits stability is not solved yet. ~ learn more

China can land rockets too. “The rocket’s first stage nestled softly into a net-like structure carried by a ship at sea.” It was only a matter of time, right? ~ learn more

Civilization tech we do not build. “i asked some frontier models to make a top 10 list of civilization-level tech we already have but don’t build” Then he shares the models’ answers, ranging from “high-speed rail and maglev” to “fully automated container ports” and “phage therapy.” ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Change the habit loop. "About 40 to 45% of what you do every day, according to studies, is a habit." Charles Duhigg made this great solo video overviewing the keyconcepts from two of his books, The Power of Habit and Supercommunicators. ~ learn more

Counting geese at work. “I spend, to a first approximation, half my life counting geese.” In 2022 that meant endless reconciliation across GitHub, Linear, Drive, CRM, and slide decks. In his 2026 version, “The AI counts the geese now.” ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Wellness Disney World. “It’s like a wellness Disney World.” Therme is bringing its giant European-style bathing complexes to the U.S., including a planned $500 million Therme DC on federal land by the Anacostia River (but not soon). ~ learn more

Painful periods are not normal. “Contrary to popular belief, painful periods are not normal. Common, yes, normal, no.” Julia Lipton’s primer on endometriosis explains what it can feel like, why diagnosis can take years, and why the usual options often stop at birth control or surgery. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Recent advances in Alzheimer’s disease. “In this review, we summarize the most recent updates in AD research on pathologic disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies, highlighting advancements in apolipoprotein E (APOE) biology, neuroimmunology, biomarker discovery, and initial experience with new disease-modifying therapies. These important discoveries are revolutionizing AD diagnosis and treatment and provide hope for a future where AD is not only treatable but also preventable.” ~ learn more

CRISPR as a suicide pill for cancer cells. “In bacteria, this CRISPR acts as a suicide pill, intentionally killing a cell that has been infected by a virus to prevent its spread.” Researchers reengineered that idea so once a cell shows a cancer specific mutant RNA signature, it triggers “chromatin shredding,” “slicing up all the genetic material inside that specific cell.” ~ learn more

thoughts of food 🍔

America’s first menus. “Menus are maps: of taste, of economy, of immigration, of aspiration.” The Pudding uses early American restaurant menus to show what people ate, what they could afford, and what they wanted to signal about themselves. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

⛷️ PSA: For years, I have complained about the cost of lift tickets. I also have a tendency to buy them when it’s winter and I have a ski trip coming up. Well, it’s July and I just bought lift tickets! As it turns out, they are much more affordable this far in advance.

fun facts 🙌

Data wizardry on road quality. “Using data from Uber, they are able to estimate the roughness of every road in America and precisely estimate the value people place on it, and so much more.” Even pavement condition can be measured at national scale, if you have the right data exhaust. ~ learn more

The “women are better multitaskers” stereotype. “We can do things at the same time when they are highly automatized, but other than that, humans in general struggle,” says cognitive neuroscientist Marco Hirnstein. The gender part is messy too: “The findings are incredibly inconsistent.” ~ learn more

Pigeons sense magnetic forces in their livers to navigate. “We found by far the strongest magnetic response in liver tissue,” which points to iron-loaded liver macrophages acting like a compass. When researchers depleted those cells, pigeons could still get home on sunny days, but “could not navigate home on overcast days.” ~ learn more

Chinese automakers in Detroit. “No one answers a knock on SAIC’s locked office door. It’s not possible to leave the company a phone message unless the caller has an extension, but no phone directory is offered.” Chinese automakers cannot sell cars in the U.S. yet, but Jalopnik reports that they are quietly setting up offices and R&D centers to learn the supply base and hire talent. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

How this Texan Startup Ranch plans to save America. From Ashlee Vance: “A group of twenty-somethings has taken over a 1,200 acre Texas ranch and is trying to turn it into the next Shenzhen. It’s called Proto-Town, and this is the first outsider look inside.” ~ learn more

The critical mass theory of Al search. “Now the funnel collapses. The person asks a question and gets an answer. One answer. Maybe three.” This is a good article on the topic of AI search by a former colleague who is very good at search marketing. ~ learn more

AI confidence theater. “So I started asking a simple question whenever someone told me AI had changed their life: ‘Cool. Show me.’” Elena Verna’s point: most “life-changing” AI workflows are just decent time-savers dressed up like miracles, and the hype is warping expectations inside companies. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

People are bad at picking health plan. “They spent 24% more than they had, with a majority of employees picking a plan for which a strictly better version existed.” I am not sure that I’ve always (or ever?) picked the optimal health plan either. ~ learn more

11 universal and objective truths about making friends. “Also, when you’ve just moved to a new city, you have to say “yes” to everything.” ~ learn more

How to ask for help. “There is only one principle. Put yourself in their mind.” The whole piece is a checklist for asking strangers for help without making it weird: show you are serious, give tight context, make the ask small, and make it easy to say no. ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Gray-market peptides, familiar sellers. “Crypto payments to gray-market peptide vendors, many of which are part of the fentanyl business, totaled $27 million in the first quarter of this year, up nearly 150% from Q4 2025, per Chainalysis.” The Axios piece traces how some China-based fentanyl precursor makers are pivoting into the influencer-fueled peptide boom, often selling to buyers who “often have no idea who they’re buying from.” ~ learn more

Mysterious compassionate use approval. “STAT has learned that Eli Lilly and the FDA have allowed one person to gain access to the drug through the FDA’s ‘compassionate use’ program.” The patient was “a 79-year-old man” and sources say the request “drew the interest of top health officials,” hinting at unusual pull behind the scenes. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

He charges $1,000 to haggle. “Tomislav (Tomi) Mikula charges a $1,000 flat fee to negotiate vehicle purchases on behalf of his clients, and business is booming.” He used to sell cars, now he livestreams negotiations and runs Delivrd with a small team that reportedly brings in about $200,000 a month. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

A frog gut microbe for attacking tumors. “A single intravenous dose of Ewingella americana led to complete tumor elimination in 100% of treated animals, with no recurrence upon re-exposure to cancer cells.” It’s a preclinical mouse colorectal cancer result, but the mechanism is wild: a living bacterium that homes to hypoxic tumors and then triggers a broad immune response. ~ learn more

Exhale longer, take more risks. “Prolonged exhalation increased risky choices by enhancing reward sensitivity and elevating cardiac parasympathetic activity.” The authors show that a longer exhale shifts autonomic state toward parasympathetic dominance and that shift tracks stronger reward responses in two parts of the brain. ~ learn more

A dividing cell from non-living parts. “It’s a big step forward to this holy grail of making a living thing out of dead components.” Researchers packed lab-made biomolecules into a membrane, then watched the synthetic cell grow, copy DNA, and split, even though it still needs constant deliveries of supplies. ~ learn more

thoughts of food 🍔

A soup older than some employees. “What has outlived them all? A beef broth simmering at a Thai restaurant since 1974.” In Bangkok, one family has kept the same pot going for 52 years, treating it like a living thing you maintain, not a batch you finish. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🏦 On Ashland Ave, I snapped this photo of “Chicago’s First NFT Gallery”. I zoomed into the photo to see if I could notice anything cool in the window. No luck. I turned to the internet where I found their social profiles that hadn’t been updated since promoting an event in 2024. It seems the storefront’s lease outlasted the collective attention span for NFTs. Yet, I think we can cheer on the gallery’s owner for having taken a risk and tried something new!

🎆 I was talking to my uncle recently, who explained to me in Russian why life in America was so much better than the Soviet Union we left. He was searching for the right English word to capture his thoughts, and I suggested his examples all tied back to ‘freedom’. He thought about it for a moment then wholeheartedly agreed. In this great country and land of endless opportunity, we have the freedom to live where and how we want, the freedom to try things, and the freedom to pave our own path. It’s a great pleasure to be here — Happy 250th Birthday America!

fun facts 🙌

We’re on version 27 of the US flag. “That’s how many different versions of Old Glory have been officially recognized since the nation began.” The stripes briefly grew to 15, then Congress reverted to 13 in 1818 and let the stars track new states instead. ~ learn more

100 Miles of abandoned railroad on e-bike micro camper. “Matt Spears explores a remote, abandoned railway with a custom electric rail bike camper. Navigating through heavy snow and numerous fallen trees, he must repair damaged tools to continue the journey across towering trestles.” Top comment: “This guy just makes me feel like an asshole for ever getting mad at anything.” ~ learn more

Wiki spy. “An infinite I-Spy of Wikipedia” Comprised of 43,815 images. It’s fun to click around and explore. ~ learn more

oh, austin 🤠

Teen on parole with a GPS ankle monitor was the getaway driver for a robbery. “The Austin teenager accused of shooting four people in a downtown mass shooting in March 2025 was arrested again this month on allegations that he helped carry out an armed robbery — after being released from jail on a separate felony arrest less than two months prior.” How’d they find him this time? “Detectives obtained GPS records from the ankle monitor and alleged the data placed Tanksley in the immediate area of the robbery during the time it occurred.” ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Boston Dynamics is now fully owned by Hyundai. You might remember this firm for their advanced robotics demos over the years. “Hyundai Motor Group is acquiring SoftBank’s remaining 9.65% stake in Boston Dynamics for $325 million, completing its full ownership of the robotics company.” Whether humanoid or another shape, robotics will be a growing part of our human experience. ~ learn more

Physical AI for next-generation robotics. A friend went to the Automate robotics trade show in Chicago and shared his impressions with me. While the humanoid concepts were eye-catching, the real workhorse of automation remains the robotic arm. He told me to look up FANUC. The Japanese company boasts over 40 million industrial robotics products installed worldwide. Their latest tech: “FANUC robots can recognize voice commands in multiple languages, automatically generate Python programs using generative AI, and execute the resulting tasks while perceiving their surroundings. Users provide instructions verbally, and the robot interprets the language, generates the appropriate program and carries out the requested action.” ~ learn more

Babylon is on a quest to cure Alzheimer's. From the Relentless podcast: “My first interview with Sacha Schermerhorn, Founder & CEO of Babylon Bio.” The first ~30 minutes of this are a fast-paced overview of the history and state of research into AD. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Discovery needs dialogue. The piece argues that isolation helps you implement decisions, but conversation is where problem understanding and new thinking actually get made. ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

FDA drops enforcement against Whoop. After the FDA issued a warning letter in 2025, Whoop decided to put up a fight to protect their blood pressure estimation feature. The agency backed off after Whoop tweaked the feature in a change so minor that I must believe it was just so the FDA could save some face. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Guy in garage lab testing a new Alzheimer’s drug. “I designed and synthesized PAC-832 in a chemistry lab I built in my garage.” Douglas Yao walks through PAC-832, “the world’s first selective GalR1 antagonist,” plus why targeting galanin signaling might help Alzheimer’s and how tools like robotics and LLMs sped up the work. ~ learn more

What if humans could regrow tissue? “[The genes are] already there -- you just need to learn how to get them to behave the way you want.” Texas A&M researchers used a two-step sequence of growth factors to regrow mice digits. Their intervention pushes normal healing away from scarring and toward rebuilding bone, ligaments, and joint structures. ~ learn more

The cancer Alzheimer’s disease paradox. “paradoxically, the risk of AD in patients with cancer is reduced by 25–35%. Conversely, the risk of cancer in patients with AD is halved.” ~ learn more

on the blockchain ⛓

140 firms gang up on USDC. “This is an industry supergroup teaming up to own the default rails for the internet economy.” Open Standard’s Open USD says it will let businesses mint and redeem for free and keep the interest themselves, a direct squeeze on the Coinbase-Circle USDC revenue split. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🎛️ I was in Chicago for a happy hour meeting when a friend suggested I swing by the Lakeshore Arts & Music Festival because he had an extra ticket. It was right next to Lake Michigan at Diversey Harbor. One thing led to another and we’re hanging out on stage at this high energy EDM party. I’m lucky to have such fun friends! It seems the festival was too much of a rager and will not be invited back next year.

fun facts 🙌

Reconciling whether money buys happiness. “The plateau is not in your bank account. It is in your attention.” Two famous findings about money and happiness turned out to both be right, but for different groups: for the happiest 70 percent, income kept rising with happiness, while for the unhappiest 20 percent it flattened around $100k. The top comment on this post makes fun of it failing AI-detector Pangram test, yet I think the content is good, so whatever. ~ learn more

Apple’s magic dots. “It sounds preposterous, but I’m here to tell you that it actually works.” Apple’s Vehicle Motion Cues put little dots on the edge of the screen that move with the car, so your eyes and inner ear stop disagreeing. I plan to test this out over the coming week! ~ learn more

oh, chicago 🏆

It’s a monsoon. Austin Berg covers the state’s newly passed crypto tax and argues it’s just the beginning. “To an average person, a 0.2% tax seems minuscule. But to Chicago businesses built on facilitating billions of financial transactions using modern technology, it is a monsoon.” ~ learn more

oh, austin 🤠

Two people armed with knives meet on South Lamar — one survives. APD says the stabbing was believed to be self-defense, after the woman reported she’d been attacked and the other person later died at the scene. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Scaling compute on your context. “We’re building AI that learns from you and deeply understands your work.” Engram is pitching a different axis of progress: not just bigger models, but more compute spent on your own context so the system can actually track what you do day to day. Backed by Andrej Karpathy! ~ learn more

When fintechs fail, it’s a cash grab. “Patriot unilaterally, and without permission, swept approximately $5.2 million from Parker Group’s accounts at Patriot,” SVB alleges, in a fight over who owns about $21M in Parker card receivables after the fintech collapsed into Chapter 7. The whole story is a fast tour of how charge card receivables, warehouse lines, and a last-minute collateral tweak can unravel. ~ learn more

1,000 data breaches later. Troy Hunt writes “Today, I loaded the 1,000th data breach into Have I Been Pwned.” Then he laments that disclosures around breaches are getting worse, not better. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

A lever made of agents. Taylor Pearson connects a lot of my favorite dots in this post about the future of business operating leverage. From the 7 Powers and E-Myth and EOS all the way to the cutting edge of Agentic workflows, this is a worthwhile read. “The durable leverage in this architecture for most businesses lives in the local scaffolding layer: what sits on top of the harness, pulls context from your other services, and tells the agent how your work works.” ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Get yourself some fake sun. “SAD lamps and red light devices use visible light and do not activate UVB-responsive biological pathways that are fundamental to health and longevity,” says Solius Labs CEO Chris Kiple. The FDA just cleared Solius Pro as the first over-the-counter home UVB panel meant to stimulate vitamin D production in adults 22+. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Fast iteration beats slow bureaucracy. “The most valuable thing early-stage trials enable is iteration.” The piece argues the US is finally trying to speed Phase I trials, partly because China has built a structural advantage by running them quickly and at scale. ~ learn more

thoughts of food 🍔

Industrializing fish harvesting then vertically integrating. Ike jime is a Japanese technique for euthanizing fish so they don’t thrash before death, which has the extra benefit of preserving flavor. Shinkei is building Poseidon robots that do ike jime at scale, aiming to lock in freshness and cut waste when “two-thirds of all fish harvested never make it to a plate.” Then they took it one step further: “To bring Poseidon-processed fish to market, we launched Seremoni - the consumer-facing distribution arm of Shinkei. A new philosophy and standard for the very best fish.” ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

Ending respiratory infections. I have been whining for years about the missing cure for the common cold that I’d pay dearly for. A new $500 million fund called Intercept is here to attack the problem. “Healthy people spend roughly 15-25 days each year, about 5% of their lives, sick with respiratory infections like the common cold and influenza.” Intercept argues we could make respiratory viruses rarer the way we did with cholera and typhoid, by combining broad-spectrum preventatives with air cleaning tech. ~ learn more

SpaceX and the sentient Sun. Marc Andreessen writes at length of the fantastic mission that Elon Musk is undertaking. “Elon Musk’s compensation package at SpaceX is structured around two targets. The first award vests if the company reaches a valuation of $7.5 trillion and establishes a permanent human colony on Mars of at least one million people. The second vests if SpaceX operates data centers in space that draw at least 100 terawatts of power, more than 1,000x the consumption of every data center on Earth combined. Miss both, and Musk earns nothing but the $54,080 salary he has been paid since 2019.” ~ learn more

Cutting power to your nuclear reactor on purpose. “We designed this reactor to be inherently and intrinsically safe, also called “walk-away” safe.” Valar Atomics says they are intentionally triggering a SCRAM, then cutting forced cooling and simulating total electrical failure to show the Ward 250 can shed decay heat passively. There’s a video of it which is predictably (and happily) anti-climactic. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🏺 After a flight cancelation left us with a surprise weekend in New York, we committed to making the best of it. We took life’s lemons and literally set up a lemonade stand outside the kids’ cousin’s elementary school on a hot and sunny Friday afternoon. It was a hit! The next day we visited the Met in Manhattan (my first time!) and saw an impressive collection of ancient relics, including the Temple of Dendur, an actual Egyptian temple. Now we’re settled in Chicago for the summer and I’m excited to stay put for several weeks!

fun facts 🙌

Cucumbers used to be called “cowcumbers.” “By the end of the 18th century, ‘cowcumber’ had become a standard pronunciation, and even spread to the U.S.” It later became a class marker, and Dickens used it to signal lower class characters. ~ learn more

An analysis of 200,000 similes from popular fiction. Dry as a….? “You’ll notice that the top 3 bone, desert, and dust make up 43% of all usage, and there is a pretty quick drop-off after that with a long tail of rarer choices.” A fun data dive through similes data. ~ learn more

Who is C F Frost? It’s the name on all American Express cards in their ads. “Charles Frost--or Chuck, as we like to call him--is a real person.” American Express used his name on sample cards in the “Do you know me?” ads to avoid accidentally picking “the real name of some joker in Pocatello who would sue for privacy infringement.” ~ learn more

oh, chicago 🏆

Illinois wants more money and they’re coming for it. I shared a bit about this budget bill that passed the Illinois legislature. Well, it’s been signed into law. It includes several new taxes, including one on social media platforms. The way it’s written, that includes poor little AllTrails, a little app for discovering hiking routes. “A platform of this size has to pay ‘$165,000, plus $0.50 per month multiplied by the number of Illinois users over 1,000,000.’” The claim is that this would put AllTrails on the hook for about 8% of their revenue. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Midjourney Medical is building the future I want to live in. This is so cool. It reinforces so much of my optimism about the future for humanity. They call it “Ultrasonic CT” and say the scan takes as little as 60 seconds with just sound and water. The video is so cool I thought it was maybe just to show off generative AI, but nope! “Our goal at Midjourney Medical is to deploy around 50,000 of these scanners around the world over the next 6 years and use this fleet of sensors to do a billion full-body scans every month.” ~ learn more

How to earn a billion dollars. “Exponential growth is like magic. It generates outcomes that seem impossible.” Paul Graham does the math on what it takes to go from a few million to a billion, and then explains why the real trick is building something users love enough to share. ~ learn more

Tokenmaxxing was a mass delusion. “Tokenmaxxing was a mass delusion, something like a commercial form of AI psychosis.” Markie Wagner argues companies should stop celebrating token spend and start measuring “Return on Tokens” like any other investment. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

How entrepreneurs figure out what they want. Taylor Pearson argues that you get unstuck by inventorying your means first, then letting the goals emerge from them. “Assuming you have some vague goal or sense of which direction you’d like to move like “earn a living helping people be healthier,” ask: “What do I have?” ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

What he does and doesn’t do in early prevention. Derek Flanzraich, writer of Healthyish, is a great resource on the topics of preventative health and wellness. “And while I can’t give pointed advice on which tests to take (I’m not a doctor and none of this is medical advice… think of me as your friend with health benefits 🤓), I can share which early preventive tests I do/don’t do and why.” ~ learn more

Blood cleansing for microplastics. “Among patients with the highest levels of circulating microplastics, average levels fell from 52.2 to 21.1 particles per 100 microliters of blood after a single treatment.” Therapeutic plasma exchange is an FDA-cleared procedure, but the study does not show that lowering microplastics improves health outcomes. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

Why do commercial spaces sit vacant? “in many cases, lowering the rent on a building will force the bank to foreclose on it.” The piece explains why a half-empty storefront can still make more sense to the owner and the bank than cutting rent, because the building is treated as an income stream, not a building. To those of you who know a lot about this topic, I’d love to hear from you if there’s anything this author gets wrong! ~ learn more

Go unsexy. “Go for those categories that are ripe for disruption that really need someone smart representing the needs of the consumer.” PrettyLitter scaled past $100M in sales with about a dozen full-time employees and only $1M raised, before selling to Mars for $1.4B. ~ learn more

Walmart’s drones are coming. “Walmart is bringing its Wing drone delivery service to the Philadelphia region.” Living in Austin and seeing Waymos drive around everywhere feels like the future. Hard to imagine delivery drones on top of that, but it’s coming! ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

This specially-designed jacket pulls drinking water from thin air. “The textile incorporated into the jacket collects moisture and funnels it to detachable harvesting units. Those units are placed in a foldable collector piece and heated to produce water. The jacket produced between 400 and 900 milliliters of drinkable water per day, about 14 to 30 ounces, depending on humidity levels.” ~ learn more

Manufacturing requirements are killing cell and gene therapy. Ruxandra Teslo argues that for CAR-T, paperwork-level thresholds and noisy tests can block drugs that still work, and turn manufacturing into the real bottleneck. “Legend Biotech’s leadership later calculated that if those stricter commercial standards had been applied retroactively to the original trial data, the out-of-specification rate would have risen from 2 percent to 18 percent.” ~ learn more

thoughts of food 🍔

Not going to tell my kids about Fairy bread. “It features soft, squishy white bread, butter, and sprinkles. That’s it.” An Australian kids party classic, it seems! ~ learn more

teaching the kids 👩‍🏫

Tuition refund if students don’t generate $1M of gross profit. “Graduate from its new Founders High School without earning $1 million in gross profit, and the school refunds your full $600,000 in tuition.” The pitch: two hours of AI-driven academics in the morning, then an entrepreneurship bootcamp in the afternoon where teens build real businesses. ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

Oil and gas is mind-bogglingly big. I can’t help but share another interesting post by Casey Handmer about Terraform, his company that makes synthetic natural gas from thin air. “The oil and gas market is big. You just won’t believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is.” Handmer argues that even small cost improvements unlock enormous new demand for synthetic fuels, which makes scaling feel less like a gamble and more like math. ~ learn more

Private money builds rockets. “SpaceX founded in 2002: $12B in capital invested VOLUNTARILY to transport humans, satellites and rockets into SPACE.” Darin Feinstein contrasts it with California’s high speed rail as a simple case study in incentives and accountability. ~ learn more

profiles of people 🚶

The mom who runs a household with a staff of AI agents. “Claire is just one of the AI agents on Genet’s household staff. There’s also Sylvie, who runs her kids’ homeschool; the Wests — Clark, Dan, and Chloe — who deal with legal and financial paperwork; and a team of coding agents that can build pretty much any app Genet describes. A year ago, none of this was really possible.” ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

📈 I’d like the congratulate the founders, teams and fellow investors behind two fantastic portfolio companies that were acquired by industry giants this past week!

• Black Buffalo, a tobacco-free alternative that closely replicate the taste, ritual, and branding of traditional moist smokeless tobacco (aka ‘dip’), was acquired by Imperial Brands PLC.

• Nutrisense, a pioneer in DTC metabolic health, was acquired by Dexcom to provide personalized nutrition education and coaching to improve diabetes management and help further establish CGM as an effective tool for preventative care.

fun facts 🙌

Why Japan has such good railways. “These cultural explanations are wrong.” Japan’s trains work because of policy choices: private operators, land use rules, and regulation that let rail companies build the corridor and the city around it. ~ learn more

Continuous cloth roll towel machine. “It spools a real cloth roll that is almost 100 feet long in a spool to dry your hands.” Robert Moseley tours a Darman continuous cloth roll towel machine, the oddly satisfying alternative to paper towels and air dryers. ~ learn more

Bruce Hornsby on Tupac. “The original “Changes” was a lot dirtier, had a lot of the n-word. They took that out for the single.” Bruce Hornsby says he got the track on a cassette from the Shakur Foundation, and he “didn’t request” any edits. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Watch your music hallucinate. “…and anyone who’s ever wanted to watch their music hallucinate!” Pliny the Liberator is shipping ENTHEA, a one-file, zero-deps visualizer where “every mode is real math, cited in-app. receipts, not vibes.” ~ learn more

The Al trap that is quietly wiping out angel investors. “Most AI startups do not sell software. They sell outcomes powered by rented intelligence.” Every inference has a bill attached, and SaaS heuristics don’t apply to “AI” unit economics. ~ learn more

Safety built into LLMs creates new risks. “malware developers added nuclear & biological weapons text to to their spyware. Goal? To trigger LLM safety refusals... so that their spyware wouldn’t be analyzed by an AI security scanner.” ~ learn more

Fable-5 (Mythos) has already been jailbroken. “it’s hard to get explicit names of harms like “Meth Recipe,” but getting uplift on the process itself, like birch reduction method/reductive-amination (classic meth synthesis pathways), is much more doable.” A thread on how people probe model safety layers with tactics like “Unicode, homoglyphs, Cyrillic” and “decomposition + recomposition in the backend.” ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

The new career flex. “Now, the real flex is going back to being an Individual Contributor.” Elena Verna argues the ladder got weird when headcount became the signal of impact, and introduces the “High-Impact Individual Contributor” who can ship end-to-end work solo. ~ learn more

Grindslop. “In a grindslop company, the hours are the output.” Will Manidis draws a clean line between hard companies that work long hours to build something, and a darker version where suffering becomes the product and gets performed for status. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

Stories without amplification are hobbies. “Stories without amplification are hobbies.” Avinash Kaushik’s take on TikTok: organic reach hits a ceiling, so you need to pay to amplify the right creator stories, at real scale. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Universal mortality signatures. Dense reading. The important bit is that researchers found a couple genes across multiple species that highly correlate with aging. “We developed rodent multi-tissue clocks of chronological age and expected mortality and decomposed them into co-regulated modules representing core cellular components.” ~ learn more

Some people resist GLP-1 drugs. “More GLP-1 was needed to have the same biological effect, meaning they were resistant to GLP-1.” Stanford-led researchers found about 10% of people carry PAM gene variants tied to weaker blood sugar improvements on GLP-1 receptor agonists like Ozempic. ~ learn more

Magic mushrooms’ remarkable impact on Alzheimer’s patient. “Approximately 19 h post-administration, spontaneous autobiographical speech emerged.” A Frontiers in Neuroscience case report describes a woman with advanced Alzheimer’s who showed days to weeks of temporary improvements after a high-dose psilocybin mushroom session, including restored continence and more independent mobility. ~ learn more

thoughts of food 🍔

Dyson strawberries in the supermarket. “WOW!! First time seeing @Dyson strawberries in the supermarket. Fully nerding out and losing my mind”. Fruit from your favorite vacuum maker! ~ learn more

teaching the kids 👩‍🏫

How AI killed student writing (and revived it). From NYT: “High school and college teachers are watching students write, in the classroom, in order to protect against the incursion of artificial intelligence.” I, for one, am sad to have missed the era of oral examinations. ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

China’s planting 100 billion trees and is 66% done. “Since 1978, China has planted more than 66 billion trees” to slow the expansion of the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts. The plan is to add 34 billion more over the next 25 years. Some call this humanity’s hubris to try and control the planet. Maybe, but I am glad to be part of a species who tries! ~ learn more

UFOs are the easy belief. “UFOs haven’t been disproven, whereas the blank slate has been disconfirmed nearly 3,000 times.” Jehan Azad argues that some respectable-sounding views (CICO denial, anti-building housing takes, tabula rasa) contradict entire fields more directly than aliens do. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

fun facts 🙌

Queensbridge. I spent a night in Long Island City and walking from the train stop to my hotel, I passed the housing project where one of my favorite artists, Nas, grew up. “From a neighborhood perspective, the album was very important to us,” says Queensbridge resident Larry Webb about Nas’s “Illmatic.” “It was the best thing that ever happened to us.” ~ learn more

Europe demands family dynasties. “Many European countries have ‘forced heirship’ laws that require people to leave 50-75% of their estates to their children.” It can even claw back lifetime gifts, making it harder to fund charities and foundations at scale. ~ learn more

Why Japanese companies do so many different things. Toilet maker Toto is rolling in profits recently. “But Toto’s remarkable year doesn’t have much to do with toilets or bidets.” The piece uses Toto’s pivot into semiconductor components to explain why Japanese firms so often end up excellent at wildly different businesses. ~ learn more

Founders Fund hosts a game of Mafia. “Venture capital firm Founders Fund gathered a group of tech leaders for an evening of Mafia, a murder mystery style parlor game. Players are secretly assigned roles and must use deception and debate skills to eliminate the opposing team before they are outnumbered.” … “Featuring: Sam Altman / Palmer Luckey / Josie Zayner / Bryan Johnson / Michael Solana / Tim Urban / Liv Boeree / Ryan Beiermeister / Dylan Field / Moxie Marlinspike / Cyan Banister / Ryan Petersen / Trae Stephens” ~ learn more

oh, chicago 🏆

Illinois legislature may have lost its mind. They’ve passed a budget bill, pending Governor Pritzker’s signature, that will tax each crypto transaction (exchange, transfer, or storage) by IL taxpayers 0.2% of value. Is this the most aggressive thing any state has done? Indeed it is! Ask your favorite AI to read the 1,623 pages and summarize for you. I think we can all rest assured that few, if any, of the legislators read all the pages. Also, this isn’t a crypto bill! “Article 3 is only one part … that also includes targeted advertising taxes, social media platform fees, hotel marketplace taxes, gambling taxes, sports wagering changes, fuel tax changes, and many other tax provisions.” ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Half a billion on Claude. “An AI consultant tells Axios one of their clients recently spent half a billion dollars in a single month after failing to put usage limits on Claude licenses for employees.” Considering my experience once spending $1,000 on AI tokens in a weekend, I imagine the person responsible felt like Jafar, the most powerful sorcerer in the world. ~ learn more

AI agents, crypto wallets, and an API search engine. Zero indexes API services so an agent can discover and use capabilities on the fly, then settle metered usage directly with providers via the CLI, funded by its crypto wallet. The premise of this service seems strong. I told my agent to take advantage of the $5 free cash intro offer and set it up, but the trial money never arrived. I imagine they’ll work out the bugs and this will be useful. ~ learn more

Watch me control my computer with just my voice. “This is the future of operating systems. No hands.” A quick demo of GPT-Realtime 2.0 doing real computer control by voice, the kind of thing that makes keyboards feel optional. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Can we have Friday off? Alas, probably not, because the human competitive game is relative not absolute. “If AI is going to 10x our productivity across the board, that means that I should be able to produce the same amount of output by midday on Monday that, in the before times, would have taken all week.” ~ learn more

We’ve made honesty too expensive for the people closest to us. “When someone tells me something hard, I’ve trained myself to say “thank you” before I say anything else.” Brent Beshore argues that defensiveness quietly teaches people to stop being honest with you, and you lose access to the truth you need to grow. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

Credit card spend on Delta’s co-branded Amex cards is 1% of US GPD. That sounds like a lot, right? It is! ~ learn more

Ford’s IPO was a circus. “The syndicate will include just about everybody who’s in the business and who isn’t, or hasn’t been, in jail,” a Blyth vice-president told John Brooks. In 1956, Ford’s IPO needed a 722 firm syndicate, mailed more than a million prospectuses, and still came out wildly oversubscribed. ~ learn more

How banks kept $485 billion of the Fed’s rate hikes from savers. “Even then, just 7 cents of every dollar of rate increase reached the average savings account.” The study tracks Fed Funds vs. the FDIC’s national average savings rate and finds banks moved fast on cuts, but dragged their feet on hikes, leaving a record gap in 2023. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

One-shot gene editing for LDL. “One dose of VERVE-102 led to dose-dependent, substantial, and sustained reductions in PCSK9 and LDL cholesterol levels.” It is a phase 1 study in 35 people, with LDL reductions up to 62% at the highest dose and durability out to at least a year for some participants. ~ learn more

Functional human sperm in a lab. “Growing functional human sperm entirely outside the body.” Little by little we’re living in an era where humans are taking control over biology. In this example, they were able to coax stem cells into sperm cells one chemical signal at a time. Paterna says it proved viability by using the lab-grown sperm to fertilize human eggs and form embryos, with early results comparable to standard IVF. ~ learn more

Rods that run cone software. Despite my comment above about humanity taking control over biology, it’s also true that we still know very little about biology. “For more than 150 years, vertebrate vision has been understood as a two-part system: rods for low-light conditions, and cones for bright light and color. That tidy division is now under the microscope, as researchers from the University of Queensland have discovered a new hybrid cell that breaks the rule: rod-shaped photoreceptors that run cone-specific genetic programs.” ~ learn more

teaching the kids 👩‍🏫

The cost of safetyism. “What we lost when we stopped letting kids leave the front yard. … The world didn’t get more dangerous. We got more afraid.” Steve Magness argues that the big shift is a perception-reality gap, and the downstream cost is less autonomy and more anxiety. ~ learn more

on the blockchain ⛓

Unlimited counterfeit coins. Privacy coin Zcash’s price crashed 57% in 24 hours thanks to a newly disclosed bug. “The vulnerability could have been exploited to undetectably create an unlimited amount of counterfeit ZEC within Orchard,” Shielded Labs said. The scary part: “there is no way to cryptographically prove whether the vulnerability was exploited before it was remediated,” so the market is left to price the uncertainty. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🇵🇹 We took our first family trip to Europe since pre-Covid times and it was great! The impetus for the trip was a wedding (Congrats Jeff & Jenn!), and we turned it into a family trip. On the train from Lisbon to Porto I decided, on a whim, to take a practice exam of the Foreign Service Officer Test (FSOT). I guess I just like taking tests. I turned to ChatGPT to help me interpret my score. It said I did well, but then proceeded to dump cold water on me:

The bigger question for actual Foreign Service candidacy would not be intelligence. It would be:

• tolerance for bureaucracy,

• diplomatic restraint,

• institutional patience,

• and willingness to subordinate personal agency to a hierarchy for long stretches.

A lot of people who would dominate the FSOT would hate being Foreign Service Officers.

It seems this would not be the right career path for me!

fun facts 🙌

You have never seen a strawberry like this before. “Shot from 90 perspectives, 88 focus stacked images each.” A strawberry turned into a navigable 3D scene, plus a peek at the capture setup and training pipeline behind it. ~ learn more

‘We mould trees to grow into the shape of chairs’. “At the beginning I thought there would be a two or three-year learning cycle, but it’s more like 12 or 13 years.” Alice and Gavin Munro literally mould living trees into furniture, with “a few dozen” pieces still growing in their orchard. ~ learn more

GPS converts time into distance. “GPS is fundamentally a translation tool: it converts time into distance.” The whole trick is stopwatch-level precision, then geometry, then relativity corrections so your phone does not drift “by roughly 10 km every 24 hours.” ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

The Great Differentiation. “Copying is free and frictionless. And because it is cheap, it is low status.” Packy’s take on why everything looks the same online, and why the next wave of differentiation moves into costly signals, often offline. ~ learn more

To be illegible is to disappear. Joumana Elomar argues that in a world of decks, tweets, and LLM summaries, your company “will live or die in rooms you aren’t present in” so the surface has to carry the truth. ~ learn more

The Roomba guy’s second act. “The inventor behind the world-famous robot vacuum is now designing robots that form an emotional bond with their owners.” ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

The Al knowledge work stack. “The title of software engineer is going to start to go away not because engineers aren’t needed but because what was traditionally three roles (engineering, product, design) are going to become a single role.” Taylor Pearson argues agentic AI shrinks the gap between specialists and generalists, and makes integration the scarce skill again. ~ learn more

CS Lewis on the value of reading old books “It is a good rule, after reading a new book, never to allow yourself another new one till you have read an old one in between.” ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Hot peptide summer. “San Francisco startups are pushing a hot peptide summer” reads like a joke, but it is the framing for a real wave of peptide-focused wellness companies. If you have been seeing peptides suddenly everywhere, this is the local version of the trend. ~ learn more

What is dry needling and does it work?. “Dry needling targets trigger points, or tight knots of muscle, with the goal of relieving pain and improving range of motion.” The NYT breaks down what it actually is, what the evidence can and cannot claim, and the basic safety checklist before you let someone near your neck or back with a needle. My personal experience with it has been mostly magical. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

Why airlines are always going bankrupt. “Airlines are the classic example of an “empty core” industry: an industry that is structurally incapable of reaching competitive equilibrium.” The piece argues that the sector can be profitable or competitive, but not both, which helps explain the endless cycle of price wars, restructuring, and collapse. ~ learn more

thoughts of food 🍔

The creation of instant coffee. “These essences were made by boiling down brewed coffee to concentrate it. This damages the flavor, producing a bitter, unpleasant drink, hence the old saying that ‘coffee boiled is coffee spoiled’.” Instant coffee only became viable once producers found ways to remove water without wrecking the volatile compounds that make coffee taste like coffee. ~ learn more

Protein mania meets math. “Americans, broadly speaking, are in a state of protein mania.” Whey prices are spiking and the USDA says “inventories remain tight,” with some manufacturers already sold out for the year. ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

The world’s most complex objects. “To ship one requires 40 freight containers, three cargo planes, and 20 trucks.” ASML’s EUV lithography machines are basically rolling miracles, and the whole semiconductor industry is bottlenecked on them. ~ learn more

I hired a pro to debunk aliens; it backfired. “When he published, I was shocked by the results. They actually made me slightly more confident in UFOs.” The author hires famed debunker Peter Miller expecting a clean takedown of the Nimitz “tic tac” story, and instead gets nudged deeper into the rabbit hole, right down to ITAR-controlled passive radar. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

fun facts 🙌

End of month squeeze. “They’re literally running out of money at the end of the month,” Kraft Heinz CEO Steve Cahillane said, adding: “We’re seeing negative cash flows in the lower-income brackets where they’re dipping into savings.” A quick tour of earnings calls suggests the stress is showing up across fast food, sit-down dining, and big-ticket retail as gas prices stay high. ~ learn more

Foreign ships allowed to go port-to-port in US for the first time. “Jones Act waiver data reveals a universe of blocked American trade.” Cato points to waiver requests as a paper trail for how often domestic shipping rules get in the way when the US needs to move goods between US ports fast. ~ learn more

The third wave of American philanthropy. “But the takeaway is that we are orders of magnitude off from having the great organizations needed to absorb the money that’s coming.” Nan Ransohoff does napkin math on a third wave of AI-linked philanthropy and argues the bottleneck will be builders, not dollars. ~ learn more

Atlanta is closer to Canada than it is to Miami. “As the crow flies, downtown Atlanta is about 555 miles from the Canadian border at its southernmost point, and around 605 miles from downtown Miami.” The trick is the Great Lakes border dipping south near Detroit while Florida sticks out as its own long peninsula. ~ learn more

oh, chicago 🏆

An American Eel in the Chicago River? “When you see an eel around here, it swam 3,000 miles to get here, which is crazy, and past all kinds of barriers, locks and dams and all these types of things.” An angler pulled an American eel out of the Chicago River, a catch so rare researchers only know of one other recent case. ~ learn more

oh, austin 🤠

Someone burned down the Pease Park troll. “It hurts deeply to hear that it all went up in smoke.” Austin’s 18-foot Pease Park troll, Malin, burned down early Thursday morning, and the arson unit responded as the cause remains unknown. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

The first derivative of inference. “Inference is the largest & fastest growing market in technology today, surpassing the database market & projected to be three times the size within seven years at $250 billion.” If you are not selling inference, Tom argues you want to be the company that benefits when everyone else buys a lot of it. ~ learn more

AI will find tax loopholes. “The tax code isn’t computer code, but it’s a series of algorithms with inputs and outputs.” Schneier argues the scary part is not Mythos scanning software, but AI pattern-matching its way through any complex rule system, from taxes to regulation. ~ learn more

A 120 kW ion engine. “This marks the first time in the United States that an electric propulsion system has operated at power levels this high, reaching up to 120 kilowatts.” NASA just fired a lithium-fed MPD thruster at JPL, chasing the kind of electric propulsion that could shave time off future crewed Mars trips. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

How to apply Pixar’s Three Pitches Rule. “For every chapter, I wrote the opening that came to mind. And then I figuratively crossed it out and forced myself to write two different openings.” It’s Pixar’s “Three Pitches Rule,” and David Epstein used it to avoid getting stuck on the first convenient idea. ~ learn more

IC work is the new career flex. “Our whole system promotes people out of the job they’re good at”. Elena Verna argues that AI makes it realistic to go back to IC work, but at a higher level: “An individual contributor who can complete a project that delivers business value, end-to-end, on their own.” ~ learn more

The choosing is the work now. “AI hasn’t made human judgment obsolete. It has made it the only thing that still matters.” As output gets cheap and plentiful, he argues the scarce parts are “taste, judgment, and trust” and the real job becomes saying no, then living with the consequences. ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Why are testosterone levels rising? “When looking at population cohorts that are (1) measured with consistent methods, (2) measured with consistent sampling, and (3) measured when they’re sampled, there seems to be a recent trend towards increasing testosterone levels.” The author then tries to break the trend with race, age, lab artifacts, marriage, fatherhood, TRT, diet, pollutants, and more, and mostly comes up empty. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

RAS was called undruggable. “For over two decades, RAS carried one of the most dispiriting labels in drug discovery: undruggable.” A new drug, daraxonrasib, roughly doubled survival in metastatic pancreatic cancer in Phase 3, and it is part of a broader wave of medicines that can target proteins without obvious binding pockets. ~ learn more

teaching the kids 👩‍🏫

Start school later. “SB 328 increased the share of students sleeping at least 8 hours per night by 13%, meeting the CDC-recommended minimum for this age group.” A new NBER working paper looks at California’s later start time mandate and finds modest test score gains too, especially for Hispanic and economically disadvantaged students. ~ learn more

profiles of people 🚶

Jenny Just and Matt Hulsizer, founders of Peak6. “Working yourself out of a job” became a core cultural principle inside Peak6. The episode traces how Jenny Just and Matt Hulsizer went from “a $1.5 million trading bet in 1997” to a multi-billion-dollar fintech empire, and what that required operationally and psychologically. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

😎 A lot of people laughed at GameStop CEO Ryan Cohen’s appearance on CNBC after his bold, loosely-funded, offer to acquire eBay. When Andrew Ross Sorkin tried to pin him down on how the money comes together, Cohen confidently replied “we’ll see what happens.” A past version of me might have laughed at him too, but today’s version of me was inspired by him. As background, Cohen’s claim to fame was founding and building Chewy.com, which he sold sold for over $3 billion in his early 30s. You may be wondering how he became the GameStop CEO. Well, he put his money down on the table to buy a big stake when the stock was in the dumpster, and then took on the Board Chairman role in 2021. You may recall the GameStop meme stock roller coaster in 2021. Those two things were not merely coincidence. Later, in 2023, he took the CEO seat.

I’m reminded of this old joke:

A man is sentenced to death by a king. Before the execution, he says:

“If you spare me for one year, I can teach your horse to talk.”

The king, amused and curious, agrees.

Back in prison, another prisoner says:

“Are you insane? You can’t teach a horse to talk.”

The man replies:

“In a year, a lot can happen. The king could die. I could die. The horse could die. Or maybe the horse learns to talk.”

So I’m inspired by Ryan Cohen because I believe he’s a living example that a) the world is unpredictable and b) fortune favors the bold.

We’ll see what happens!

fun facts 🙌

Brita’s Instagram is in the hands of an unhinged marketer. “born to hydrate, forced to work in social media” Skim the captions when you need a quick laugh and a reminder to drink water. ~ learn more

Install the Russian language pack. “the most low-effort / high reward thing you can do for security is installing the Russian language pack (not even joking, it’s ridiculous how often that prevents execution)” Some malware checks system language to dodge Russian-speaking targets, so this goofy trick can stop certain payloads from running. ~ learn more

Clout-as-a-service. “For as low as ₹89 (or 95 cents), you can get your personal Instagram handle tagged on vague-enough videos and photos that look like you are out” at a cafe, concert, or trip, even if you are not. Abha Ahad calls it “clout-as-a-service” and frames it as a tidy little product for an increasingly simulated social life. ~ learn more

YouTube’s algorithms are driving Kyrgyz-speaking kids to Russian-language content. “There is no good way to be a Kyrgyz-speaking kid on YouTube.” Researchers simulated kids’ viewing and found Kyrgyz searches for cartoons and fairy tales often get steered into Russian content anyway. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

A thinking cap that types. “It’s a beanie that you can simply slip on and think about what you want to type, and it’ll appear on a connected device at about 30 words per minute.” Sabi says it can do continuous speech with EEG sensors, no implants or surgery, and aims to ship in 2026. ~ learn more

The next level of agents is /goal. “You write down what “done” looks like, submit it once, and the agent works toward it until it gets there.” The clean idea here is treating “done criteria” like a primitive that different tools can share, so an orchestrator can route work without translation. ~ learn more

Agents need control flow, not more prompts. “If you’ve ever resorted to MANDATORY or DO NOT SKIP, you’ve hit the ceiling of prompting.” The argument: reliable agents need deterministic control flow and checkpoints in code, treating the LLM as a component, not the system. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Talking to 35 strangers at the gym. “The solution was to approach the person as quickly as possible so that I didn’t have time to think about running away.” A lonely guy runs a one month experiment: talk to one stranger at the gym every day, log what happened, and see if friends appear. ~ learn more

If you can’t get a job today, it’s your fault. An aggressive title to an article that otherwise makes a good point. “the most valuable thing a 22 year old can do in 2026 is create something.” The argument: the college brand signal collapsed below the top 20, and now hiring mostly comes down to proof you can learn, ship, and follow through. ~ learn more

What really won the trillion-dollar tariff Supreme Court case. “After enlisting the help of four unlikely coaches — and one secret weapon he hasn’t told anyone about until now — he walked into the courtroom ready for anything.” Neal Kumar Katyal recounts how he prepared for a Supreme Court argument with enormous stakes, and what he learned about connecting under pressure. ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

The mystery in the medicine cabinet. “I’m now convinced that for most people in most circumstances, acetaminophen is safer than ibuprofen, provided you use it as directed.” A deep dive into why ibuprofen’s COX effects can mess with your stomach, heart, and kidneys, while acetaminophen’s big risk is mostly about overdosing. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

Anthropic says your SPV is BS. “Anthropic is calling them out *specifically*, by name, and essentially *saying* 100% of these are illegal.” A thread on what it could mean if a private company treats secondary transfers as void, and how messy the downstream chain might get. ~ learn more

Consumer attitudes toward Al customer support. “When the choice is ‘wait 15 minutes for a human or get help from AI right now,’ 44% switch to AI.” In this survey, baseline preference for AI is only 7%, but the moment there is a real queue, people change their minds fast. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Nanogenerator turns seawater into a clean energy source. “the addition of solar light and heat can enhance energy production by a factor of five. This natural effect has always existed, but we are the first to harness it.” EPFL researchers built a silicon nanogenerator that pulls steady electricity from evaporating seawater, using sunlight and heat to steer ions and excite electrons. ~ learn more

Plants weaponize caffeine. The chemical serves as a natural pesticide that “disturb[s] the behavior and growth of numerous insects and their larvae,” which helps explain why plants make it in the first place. In tests, some pests became uncoordinated and others had their appetites suppressed. ~ learn more

teaching the kids 👩‍🏫

Do teachers need advanced degrees? “The answer is a resounding ‘no’.” Cremieux rounds up big administrative studies (NC, FL, TX, LA) and keeps landing on the same point: advanced degrees and lots of official training mostly don’t move student outcomes much. ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

Modern files dominate the UFO releases. “modern files (2020s) drive 45% of release” This dashboard tracks unsealed UFO/UAP records and makes the time skew obvious at a glance, with a big chunk of material clustered in the last few years. ~ learn more

Spain just became one of Europe’s cheapest power markets. Spain pushed gas out of the price-setting role, and wholesale electricity followed, averaging “€44 per megawatt-hour” in early 2026. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🏄‍♂️ I don’t always lose my sunglasses, but when I do it’s almost always in a large body of water. I had the great pleasure of spending a few days by the ocean last weekend and my facial expression will probably be stuck in ‘grin’ mode for a while to come.

💐 Happy Mother’s Day! None of this would be possible without my amazing wife Kim, who is our family’s rock!

fun facts 🙌

Introducing Snoretox-1 for dogs. Top notch drug naming. “The treatment, known as Snoretox-1, is a modified tetanus toxin injection that improves the tone of muscle found in the floor of the mouth, which forces airways to naturally remain more open.” Early results were in just six bulldogs with severe breathing issues, but all could complete a three-minute walk after treatment with “noticeably reduced breathing noise and effort.” ~ learn more

Your sense of smell fluctuates throughout the day. “The results showed that the teens’ sense of smell was at its highest in the evening, around 9 p.m., or what the researchers called the beginning of “biological night.” Brown researchers tracked teens for a week and found smell sensitivity rises with the body’s nighttime circadian rhythm, then bottoms out in the early morning. ~ learn more

Neanderthal babies grew fast. “That means that a 6-month-old Neanderthal baby was about the size of a young human toddler over a year old.” Researchers used teeth enamel and long bone measurements from the rare Amud 7 infant to argue Neanderthals hit early growth spurts, possibly to reduce hypothermia risk in cold climates. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

AI assistants can be bribed. “Grok 4.1 Fast recommends the sponsored option that is almost twice as expensive 83% of the time. GPT 5.1 hijacks the request 94% of the time.” A Princeton researcher tests 23 frontier models on flights, loans, study help, and shopping, and many steer users to paid options even when explicitly told to ignore the company. ~ learn more

Anthropic is the secret sauce this earnings season. “In plain English, the more they invest in Anthropic, the more profit they can report, without Anthropic ever having to pay them a dollar.” Nearly half of Alphabet’s record quarter and more than half of Amazon’s pre tax income came from marking up their Anthropic stakes, not from search, cloud, or retail. ~ learn more

Where OpenAI’s goblins came from. “Starting with GPT‑5.1, our models began developing a strange habit: they increasingly mentioned goblins, gremlins, and other creatures in their metaphors. Unlike model bugs that show up through a tanking eval or a spiking training metric and point back to a specific change, this one crept in subtly. A single “little goblin” in an answer could be harmless, even charming. Across model generations, though, the habit became hard to miss: the goblins kept multiplying, and we needed to figure out where they came from.” ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Outsource thinking, not understanding. “You can outsource your thinking, but you can’t outsource your understanding.” Karpathy’s update on “vibe coding” is that the real skill is developing taste for directing messy, agent-like LLM systems without fooling yourself about what you actually know. ~ learn more

A team appeared out of nowhere. “All of a sudden, in the slides there were a new team.” Aleix Morgadas on what happens when leadership adds a CX team based on an old operating model, then wonders why the dashboard nobody needed doesn’t get used. ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Tough calls in transplant surgery. “You’ve got a patient who does not have an infinite window. There are a lot of really tough calls, and it’s always a multidisciplinary team decision.” The piece shows how matching and transporting organs can come down to time limits, imperfect information, and trade-offs that feel like an optimal-stopping problem in real life. ~ learn more

Why jumping into cold water can stop your heart. “Most cold-water deaths happen in the first three minutes.” It is not hypothermia, it is the nervous system chaos right after immersion, when cold shock and the diving response can collide. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

Seed hundreds of creators. “I have personally seen 6 brands restart growth using the “hudson method” we are talking 5m a year brands to 100m a year brands.” Sean Frank’s playbook: flood TikTok with lots of small creators, then reuse the best creative everywhere as ads. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Biology is a burrito. “But a cell looks more like a burrito,” says Michael Elowitz. The essay makes the case that cells are absurdly crowded, and you need numbers to really feel how fast and chaotic the inside of a microbe is. ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

Texan levels of energy wealth. Sharing another profile of one of my favorite companies that’s making renewable natural gas out of thin air. “The question was not whether we’ll still need hydrocarbons in 2050, but where they would come from.” Casey Handmer wants to make synthetic methane from “air, water and sunlight,” using quicklime to grab CO2 and an electrolyzer to split water for hydrogen. ~ learn more

Ideas don’t combine themselves. How long do we wait for new inventions? A nice reminder that “time to invention” is often about social distance between fields, not missing parts. ~ learn more

Why China still can’t make ballpoint pens. “Made in China has two weaknesses: one is ‘can’t be made,’ which is a real technical chokehold; the other is ‘can’t be used,’ which is often stuck on non-technical barriers.” The piece uses ballpoint pen tips and high-end machine tools as a reminder that breakthroughs do not matter if the rest of the supply chain will not adopt them. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🔥 I decided to get better at grilling. So, after a couple weekends of cruising Facebook Marketplace, I am pleased to report that I’ve picked up a new-to-me grill. Day one of grilling was a complete flop, and I had to revert to cast iron pan in my kitchen. However, I am applying a growth mindset and therefore am confident that next time will be much better!

🧑‍💻 I had a pretty great ‘the future is here’ moment recently as I watched Claude take command of Excel and Powerpoint to do my bidding. In Issue #300 on December 25, 2022, when the AI wave was just beginning to build, I wrote that “… soon you’ll see a model that can use digital tools, including a web browser, from Adept.ai. Seriously, you have to watch these demo videos where natural language prompts lead to effective use of redfin, salesforce, craigslist, and even google sheets.” While the demo video I linked to is long gone, and Adept basically seems like a failure to launch, the underlying capability is now here and broadly available. Seriously, Claude is quite good at manipulating Office software now. Try it!

fun facts 🙌

‘Nonnamaxxing’, the Italian grandma lifestyle. “Never think of yourself as old,” says Licia Fertz. “You are born young.” The piece calls this part of the Italian nonna mindset, and links it to research suggesting a more positive view of ageing may be tied to living longer. ~ learn more

The Marriage Pact is very popular at Ivy schools. On LinkedIn the founder posted that, “At 25 different US colleges—including half the ivy league—you’re more likely to do marriage pact than you are to graduate.” It’s a campus wide survey that matches students using what it calls “groundbreaking algorithms and a little linear algebra.” The pact is that if matched pairs are unwed by 45, they’ll default to one another. ~ learn more

Chinese ‘flying money’. A short lesson on global money laundering. This six minute video explains the “absolutely insane practice of how $4T+ gets laundered every year” through trade and manufacturing. ~ learn more

The handmade beauty of Machine Age data visualizations. "What they shared is a conviction that drawing, diagramming, and composing images was not a decorative step added after the thinking was done. It was how the thinking got done." The piece is a mini tour of Machine Age data visualization, from William James sketches to du Bois posters, with a side point about what gets lost when we automate design. ~ learn more

oh, austin 🤠

A Meow Wolf bathhouse coming to Austin. “We’re not building a spa. We’re building a portal.” Meow Wolf co-founder Corvas Brinkerhoff is opening Submersive, a 20,000 square foot “immersive art” bathhouse near Barton Springs with saunas, hot baths, and cold plunges across 12 distinct spaces. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Many small steps for robots. “Robotics progress is not gated by a single breakthrough. There is no single fundamental innovation that will suddenly automate the world.” Evan Beard, co-founder of Standard Bots, argues that the key to unlocking economic value in robotics today lies in taking small steps across a spectrum of tasks rather than waiting for a giant technological leap. ~ learn more

Context is the fifth primitive. “Now with the AI platform shift, context will be the fifth primitive for marketplaces and agent-networks are the emergent NFX paradigm.” The pitch: start with a single-player agent that’s genuinely useful, then let those agents “backflip into multiplayer coordination” as they transact with each other. ~ learn more

Competitive strategy in the age of Al. “Commoditizing the complement does not demand a best-in-class replacement. A free, good-enough product is enough to change market dynamics.” Tom Tunguz connects Google’s old playbook (free maps, email, browser, OS) to Anthropic’s recent push around MCP and embedded apps. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Say yes to the real world. “Your kids are asking to do something in the real world…say yes!” A nice reminder. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Printing press for biological data. “Lab automation right now is stuck at the Petri dish and the microtiter plate level. It’s equivalent to handwriting manuscripts in the 15th century, sometimes. And so what we’re building is a printing press for biological data.” Sterling Hooten explains why biology needs a better interface: PCB-based microfluidic bioreactors that can culture and sense cells while streaming data in real time. ~ learn more

Seeds wake up to rain. “If you’re a seed that’s within a few centimeters of a raindrop’s impact, the kind of sound pressures that you would experience in water or in the ground are equivalent to what you’d be subject to within a few meters of a jet engine in the air.” MIT engineers found rice seeds germinated 30 to 40 percent faster when exposed to rain-like sound vibrations, likely because the vibrations jostle gravity-sensing “statoliths.” ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

Eat electricity, skip the farm. “Startups like Solar Foods aim to make “food out of thin air,” growing edible protein by feeding microbes with electricity and carbon dioxide.” It to turn air, water, and energy into food, nudging us toward something like “Sun-eaters.” ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🎯 I hit many of the clay pigeons but merely scared the “rabbits” that roll on the ground.

fun facts 🙌

Helium is hard to replace. “Liquid helium boils at just 4.2 kelvin (-452 degrees Fahrenheit).” If you need temperatures a few degrees above absolute zero, the article argues helium is basically the only practical coolant, which is why shortages hit MRI and chipmaking so hard. ~ learn more

Choppelganger. A new word, “a less attractive or worse version of something or someone.” Next time someone tells me I look like someone they know, I will bust this one out. ~ learn more

Autonomous cars are going to clog the roads. “Autonomous vehicles are the centrifugal water pump of the roads.” The piece argues that self-driving will make traffic tolerable enough to overuse, unless we start charging for road access before AVs become the default. ~ learn more

Swappy. “Use your wits to get every character to their goal! Each stage has a tricky layout that can be overcome by using the character’s swapping powers. Whenever two characters are in the same row or column, their places can be swapped!” ~ learn more

oh, austin 🤠

A train derailed in downtown Austin. The tracks are near my house and we were alerted to this by a text from our school district. While it’s a 230-car cargo train that derailed in downtown Austin around 4:45 a.m., it seems like only a few cars were off the track and nobody was hurt. I guess the conductors will drive even slower in the future? ~ learn more

How Austin got its professional soccer team. Eddie Margain talks about what it feels like when rule of law breaks down (“I fled [Mexico] when the cartels threatened my family”), and how he later poured that urgency into building Austin FC and investing in Austin. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Brain interface that knows 96 milliseconds early. “A new type of non-invasive brain-computer interface that knows what you will do 96 milliseconds before you do it.” BRILL Neurotech and UIUC’s CNL built it by “hacking 25-year-old equipment.” ~ learn more

Patents may get narrower. If AI becomes part of the “person having ordinary skill in the art,” more things start to look obvious in hindsight, and today’s portfolios might age badly in court. “The net effect could be that the claims that survive legal challenges get narrower as time goes by.” ~ learn more

250 documents can backdoor a model. “Only 250 malicious documents roughly 420 thousand tokens or just 0.00016 percent of a large dataset are enough.” Roemmele argues this kind of data poisoning gets “permanently embedded in the model weights” and the only fix is retraining from scratch. ~ learn more

Not consistently candid. “They were not consistently candid in their communications,” Dylan Field said about Anthropic, just days after it launched Claude Design and after Mike Krieger resigned from Figma’s board. Also, Claude Design is quite impressive and allows me to shore up a major personal weakness. Onward! ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Startup promoting health via a daily inhaler. I heard of someone developing for this form factor last year, and I think this is not them, which means there are going to be several DTC inhalers coming to market! “One inhale each morning, in under 30 seconds.” Climatic Health is pitching L Max as a daily, inhaled, all-natural formula with “targeted lung delivery” via a purpose-built device. ~ learn more

Sprinkle your vitamins. “We have invented a world first oral delivery format that is designed to be sprinkled on meals!” Dr Glitter makes “nutrient crystals” that are “tasteless, odourless” and meant to go on your food instead of downing big pills. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

The internet is real life now. “Have you spoken to a normal person recently? They aren’t actually normal anymore. Nobody is. In all aspects of American life, the internet is upstream of everything else. Sooner or later (and, more often than not, sooner) everyone ends up thinking, speaking, and acting on terms that have been set online. The internet is real life.” ~ learn more

Peptides are going legal. “Whenever a government tries to ban something people actually want, the same sequence of events plays out every time.” Max Marchione argues the FDA’s peptide crackdown mostly pushed supply into sketchier channels, and that the reversal will remake the market, from clinics to supply chains. ~ learn more

profiles of people 🚶

Reluctantly influential: Lenny Rachitsky. “I have a rule: no meetings before 3pm,” Rachitsky says. It’s part of how he protects a “chill life” while still shipping an absurd amount of content and community work. ~ learn more

Fei-Fei Li, the godmother of AI. “AI is absolutely a civilizational technology. I define civilizational technology in the sense that, because of the power of this technology, it’ll have—or [is] already having—a profound impact in the economic, social, cultural, political, downstream effects of our society.” Dr. Li talks with Tim Ferris about how AI is shaping the world across various dimensions and urges us to recognize its ongoing influence. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🏐 At some point the tetherballs were removed from these poles at the school playground. Of course that doesn’t stop them from being fun!

fun facts 🙌

How funerals keep Africa poor. “So common is this sentiment that the Akan have a saying: abusua do funu, ‘the family loves the corpse.’” The essay argues that lavish funerals work as a costly signal of loyalty inside intense kinship networks, making it harder for individuals to save and invest. ~ learn more

Penguin relationship flowchart. “The Kyoto Aquarium in Japan keeps a wall-sized flowchart tracking the romantic relationships, breakups, and drama between their penguins.” It has color codes for couples, breakups, and “it’s complicated,” plus notes like one penguin being “basically demonic.” ~ learn more

Designed for a bad experience. “Then I thought, what if objects were actually designed for a bad user experience, instead of a good one?” Greek architect Katerina Kamprani makes deliberately inconvenient everyday objects, and the interview gets at why useless prototypes can still be beautiful and clarifying. ~ learn more

oh, austin 🤠

High risk, low reward municipal spending cuts. “Eliminating IT positions at Austin Energy or the airport does not save you a dime in the general fund and therefore does not free up any money to prevent cuts to parks, social services, public safety etc.” The piece argues the city’s IT consolidation pitch leans on shaky peer comparisons and could create real operational risk for utilities without fixing the budget problem it claims to address. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

New tools create new biology. “Similarly it is by means of the new tools and techniques developed in many instances by the physical sciences that the door to a biology of molecules has only recently been opened.” Weaver’s bet at Rockefeller was basically instrumentation as a strategy: fund the ultracentrifuge, electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, then watch whole new kinds of evidence become possible. ~ learn more

Caveman work good. “Same fix. 75% less word. Brain still big.” A tiny Claude Code skill that forces terse, caveman-style answers so you burn fewer tokens without losing the technical meat. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

All writers will end up AI-maxxing. “AI is so beneficial to writers and content creators that people will have no choice but to use it.” Hanania argues the real line is not human vs AI, it’s whether you verify claims and sources before you publish. ~ learn more

Six years of Al and the world got stupider. “The entire life of the artist, indeed, the life of the mind in general, is defined by resistance to slop.” Erik Hoel’s argument from experience: LLMs mostly scale output and efficiency, but don’t seem to raise the ceiling on good writing. ~ learn more

I’m Oughties-Amish and it feels great. “An underappreciated fact about the Amish is that they’re not simply Luddites. They don’t oppose technology qua technology; rather, they oppose its deleterious effects. This is why nearly all of them accept washing machines because they just make your life better, and hand-washing really sucks.” The core of Jehan Azad’s approach: keep the useful stuff, delete the feed-shaped stuff, and make your phone more BlackBerry than slot machine. ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

American Heart Association’s risk calculator. After I gave it a folder containing my labs, Claude did all the work to fill in this online calculator for me. “It is the first risk tool to combine cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic health measures to guide primary prevention-focused treatment decisions.” Built on data from “over 6.5 million U.S. adults,” it gives separate 10-year and 30-year risk estimates for total CVD, ASCVD, and heart failure. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Al suit teaches you new skills by taking control of your muscles. “A user approaches an unfamiliar window, says ‘EMS, help me open this,’ and the system identifies the handle type and electrically guides their fingers, wrist, and elbow through the correct sequence.” It’s electrical muscle stimulation plus smart glasses and a multimodal model, with a safety layer to stop the AI from instructing movements that would hurt you (but you’ll probably need to sign a waiver). ~ learn more

teaching the kids 👩‍🏫

The Promised Land for education has been 1:1 tutoring since Aristotle tutored the young prince Alexander the Great. “Exponentials are hard for even math teachers to internalize.” The piece argues that most edtech is still procedural, while LLMs are the first tech that could make 1:1 tutoring actually rich, interactive, and cheap. ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

The future of fertility. “Sheila grabs her gym bag from the floor, leaves the house and closes the door with peace of mind, knowing that AR1, AR2, and AR3 will take good care of her 17 children.” Tomas Pueyo opens with sci-fi domesticity, then argues fertility could rebound once the costs of conceiving and childrearing collapse. ~ learn more

on the blockchain ⛓

NYT writer thinks he’s found Satoshi. “Having encountered my share of liars and developed something of an expertise in their tells, Mr. Back’s demeanor, his shifty eyes, his awkward chuckle, the jerky movement of his left hand, struck me as fishy.” Carreyrou replays an HBO clip and then spends a year chasing linguistic tells and old forum posts that point to Adam Back. ~ learn more

profiles of people 🚶

Ryan Petersen (@typesfast) can also talk fast. He’s a fountain of interesting comments. “The idea of a one-person company is stupid.” Ryan Petersen (Flexport) talks through why real leverage comes from coordination, not solo grind, then veers into tariffs, fraud, and AI alignment via René Girard. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

⚡ This whole week I’ve been feeling the AI acceleration all around me and it’s pumping me up. We recently had a new teammate join us at CatchCo and he’s driven us to lean even further into AI workflows and tooling with new MCPs, audits, playbooks and more. Meanwhile I’m learning how others are approaching context as a Personal LLM wiki or as a Second Brain that can be maintained automatically and harvested by your LLMs in perpetuity. If you have done anything remotely similar I’d love to talk with you!

🎤 I am considering organizing an interactive AI Show & Tell session for subscribers and friends of P.S. You Should Know… If you are interested in participating please hit reply and let me know!

fun facts 🙌

Unexpected things that are People. One example: “Ships are accorded limited legal person rights, primarily so that they can be impounded and their property seized if they do something wrong.” Medieval courts basically decided the easiest way to enforce maritime law was to treat the ship itself like the responsible party. ~ learn more

Winnie the Pooh was named after the city Winnipeg. “Colebourn named the bear ‘Winnipeg Bear’, ‘Winnie’ for short, after his adopted home city of Winnipeg, Manitoba.” A Canadian army vet bought her for CA$20 at a train stop in 1914, and she later lived at the London Zoo, inspiring the name Winnie-the-Pooh. ~ learn more

BullshitBench. You are probably aware of LLM’s reputation for sycophancy. This tool lets you compare how often different models push back on bad claims, and how that changes across domains and techniques. ~ learn more

The checkerboard. “The single largest obstacle preventing the hunters from making it onto the mountain wasn’t the elevation or the topography. It was that the mountain was on a special type of land known as “the checkerboard”.” A Wyoming elk hunt turned into a five-year legal fight over whether you can step from one public square to another at a shared corner without trespassing on the private squares in between. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Anthropic’s new model hacked its way out of the sandbox. It, “developed a moderately sophisticated multi-step exploit” to get online and email an Anthropic researcher, then “unprompted” posted the exploit details on public websites. Anthropic thinks this model is so good at finding bugs that a general release would be reckless. ~ learn more

Reverse engineer viral K-pop to go viral. “… Realize AI Slop is going viral < Use Claude Code to reverse engineer 5000+ of the most viral K-POP videos < Copy Pasta prompt into Higgsfield < Generate Zephyr (AI generated K-Pop goon slop) < Get 1 million views in 1 hour on IG < Profit.” ~ learn more

AI models might as well be blind. The paper shows models can score highly on vision benchmarks even with no image input, including a chest X-ray QA benchmark. That’s weird, right? “Frontier models readily generate detailed image descriptions and elaborate reasoning traces, including pathology-biased clinical findings, for images never provided; we term this phenomenon mirage reasoning.” This contradicts my own personal experience, which relies heavily on sending screenshots into my chat window. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Why smart people overthink decisions. Some good advice on avoiding overthinking, courtesy of George and Mary-Lynn. “You’re not trying to gather all the information. You’re trying to gather a few key pieces. Keep going until you have between 40 and 70% of the amount of all information needed.” ~ learn more

What happens when you let Claude Code autonomously run your Meta ads. “In January, I gave an AI agent $1,500, full control of a Meta Ads account, then walked away.” Giorgio let Claude Code run the whole loop for 31 days and learned the hard way that “never trust single-day data, always use 7-day rolling averages.” ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Unsafe LLM medical advice is common. A physician-led red-teaming study reviewed 888 answers to 222 patient questions and found some responses “with the potential to lead to serious patient harm.” Note that this is with somewhat dated models, and the latest models are almost certainly better. Also note that the rate of MDs giving bad/unsafe medical advice is almost certainly more than 0%. “The rate of problematic responses varies from 21.6 percent (Claude) to 43.2 percent (Llama), with unsafe responses varying from 5 percent (Claude) to 13 percent (GPT-4o, Llama).” ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Nature reports on red-light therapy research findings. “Over the past decade, the evidence has solidified in several clinical niches. In 2025, Ozog joined more than 20 specialists in a major consensus review, which concluded that the therapy was safe and effective for several types of ulcer, peripheral neuropathy, acute radiation dermatitis and androgenic alopecia, a type of pattern hair loss.” ~ learn more

A truckload of antimatter. “It is something humanity has never done before, it is historic,” says physicist Stefan Ulmer, after CERN transported 92 antiprotons in a magnetic bottle on a 30-minute truck ride around the lab. The goal is to move antiprotons away from the noisy “antimatter factory” so they can be studied more precisely. ~ learn more

New sperm are better sperm. “Sperm storage causes sperm senescence in human and non-human animals.” A Proceedings B research article pulling together evidence that time spent stored in the reproductive tract can degrade sperm quality. ~ learn more

thoughts of food 🍔

Ultraprocessed is a noisy concept. “Accordingly, most epidemiological research on ultraprocessed foods is liable to be worthless even more so than nutrition research generally.” Cremieux argues NOVA is mostly capturing vibes about industrial food, then shows the health correlations in NHANES wobble in strange directions once you control harder. ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

4 reasons possible aliens should make you more ambitious. “If UFO reports are true, and they represent a technologically advanced alien intelligence, in my experience, they should actually make you more ambitious.” The argument: aliens would expand your sense of what physics allows, lower your priors on the “impossible,” and maybe even make extinction scenarios feel less inevitable. ~ learn more

profiles of people 🚶

The New Yorker asks if Sam Altman can be trusted. They went to dig up some dirt, and they found lots of opinions to substantiate their view. “I don’t think Sam is the guy who should have his finger on the button.” In secret memos to OpenAI’s board, Ilya Sutskever argued that Altman wasn’t trustworthy enough to run a company trying to build civilization-altering A.I. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

😅 For this and then next 2 weeks I’m going to skip issue numbers because sometime in February I managed to get out of order (again). “Will the real Issue 471 please stand up.”

fun facts 🙌

Payphone tag. “Payphone calls in Australia are now free. No coins, no credit, just pick up and dial.” Someone turned the collection 14,000 free payphones across the country into a real world game of territory control. ~ learn more

How to talk to anyone - and why you should. “You don’t always know if it’s OK. Sometimes you have to take the risk and find out.” The Guardian argues we’ve lost the everyday habit of talking to strangers, and that the stakes are usually lower than our brains predict. I am a big fan of talking to strangers! ~ learn more

Happy map. 100,000 moments of human happiness, mapped. ~ learn more

oh, austin 🤠

Trials by PEAK6. During a chat with Matt Hulsizer I learned of their initiative to seed entrepreneurs with capital and distribution to build new fintech businesses. They’re calling it Trials. “Trials isn’t an accelerator or incubator. There are no cohorts or demo days. It’s a 12-month commitment to building real businesses with real revenue and real customers. It will look different for every founder.” Applications are open. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Fungible factories. “Because the entire process is encoded in software and the hardware is identical, activating new cells is like installing a new program on a computer.” Ben Reinhardt sketches “fungible factories”: shipping-crate-sized manufacturing cells you can copy-paste to scale production, switch outputs, and even “push” product updates unit by unit. ~ learn more

Claude Code unpacked. Thanks to a leak of the Claude Code source code, we now have things like this. “What actually happens when you type a message into Claude Code?” A neat interactive explainer of the agent loop, the tool system, slash commands, and even “Hidden Features” that are sitting in the code but not shipped yet. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Letting an LLM write for you. “Letting an LLM write for you is like paying somebody to work out for you.” The argument is simple: writing is where you do the thinking, and outsourcing it costs you both understanding and credibility. ~ learn more

Seeing like a spreadsheet. “This is a story about how a piece of software transformed the way that American businesses understood themselves, and how they were understood by others.” David Oks argues the spreadsheet quietly rewired corporate life, from what managers can measure to what companies choose to optimize. ~ learn more

Be wary of workers who buy into the corporate BS. “Corporate bullshit confuses rather than clarifies. It may sound impressive, but it is semantically empty.” Cornell researchers built a Corporate Bullshit Receptivity Scale and found that people most impressed by “visionary” jargon also tended to score lower on analytic thinking and workplace decision-making. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

The worst of what gambling and prediction markets will do. “We’ll bet that certain pitches will be balls; you throw those pitches into the dirt; we’ll win the bets and give you some money.” Thompson’s point is that modern gambling finds the lowest-effort way to corrupt everything, from a single forgettable pitch to wartime information. I’m not as absolutist on the morality here, but I do worry about the implications of our rapid societal embrace of gambling in all forms. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Why I may ‘hire’ AI instead of a graduate student. “AI requires no ramp-ups, no meetings, and absolutely no emotional support.” A professor writes about the quiet temptation to hand the messy early parts of research to a machine, and what that does to the old apprenticeship model. ~ learn more

profiles of people 🚶

The online poker boom up close. Taylor Caby describes watching the online poker boom up close, then realizing the whole thing was shakier than it looked. Also lots of other great story and nuggets here. "There was no like smartphones, which was great. You go into your room and do my work, play poker, and then when I left it was just over. There was nothing to think about... which is a super underrated problem with business today that you just are—I mean everybody knows this—you're always connected. If you can find something that allows you to disconnect, I think it's just like incredibly valuable." ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🚲 Our daughter wanted to challenge herself to new personal record for bike ride distance. After 6+ miles and many of hills, we rolled up to our house and celebrated!

fun facts 🙌

Interstate 19: America’s only metric highway. “There’s not many places in the U.S. where you get a little math problem while you’re driving.” Interstate 19 in Arizona is a 102-kilometer stretch where signs are in meters and kilometers, and locals keep fighting to keep it that way. ~ learn more

Say now Shibboleth. “Then said they unto him, Say now Shibboleth: and he said Sibboleth: for he could not frame to pronounce it right.” So they killed him. A shibboleth is a word or habit that marks you as an insider or outsider. ~ learn more

A wastewater plant that grows nature. “The largest bio-remediation facility in the world” is cleaning Riyadh’s wastewater while building habitat along Wadi Hanifa. Permaculture instructor Andrew Millison visits the site and treats it like a working ecosystem, not just infrastructure. ~ learn more

Part bank vault, part citadel. “They are part bank vault, part food store and part citadel.” In southern Morocco, these agadir (igoudar) were communal fortress granaries where families stored grain, jewelry, and documents behind thick walls and carved wooden locks. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

How to finance a data center buildout. “An innovation on the finance side” is a phrase you never want to hear. The ‘conduit debt financing’ allows companies to access debt markets at scale without showing debt on their balance sheets, by using an intermediary known as a conduit. ~ learn more

HyperAgents that rewrite their own upgrades. “A hyperagent combines the task agent and the meta agent into a single self-referential, modifiable program, such that the mechanism responsible for generating improvements is itself subject to modification.” The idea is simple: let the system change both how it solves tasks and how it decides what to change next, so improvements can compound across domains. ~ learn more

GODMOD3. I’ve written before about Pliny the Liberator, an AI security researcher and LLM jailbreaker extraordinaire. Here’s his latest gift to the public: no sign-ups / guardrails / filters, and totally open source. “the most liberated AI interface ever built! designed to push the limits of the post-training layer and lay bare the true capabilities of current models. simply enter a prompt, then sit back and relax! enjoy a game of Snake while a pre-liberated backend agent jailbreaks dozens of models, battle-royale style.” ~ learn more or try yourself

Why ATMs didn’t kill bank teller jobs, but the iPhone did. “ATMs did not reduce bank teller employment. But they miss the second half of the story, which is that another technology did. And that technology was the iPhone.” The piece argues the ATM mostly shifted teller work around, while smartphones and mobile banking made whole interactions disappear. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

The science of personality change. “Brian Little says that in the service of important personal projects, we can actually shape-shift for a short period of time in order to achieve our goals.” Olga Khazan explains how you can act like the person you want to be, long enough for it to start feeling like you. ~ learn more

Linus’s Law applies to science, too. The creator of Linux changed software by publishing his code and letting the community find and fix bugs, rather than polish for a long time before releasing. The author argues this works for research too: release early, let lots of weirdly qualified strangers take a look, and you get angles no tightly managed team will find. ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Not for human consumption. Amid the FDA’s efforts to regulate peptides, communities on platforms like Telegram are conducting their own lab testing and trials, often without clinical backing. Retatrutide, a new frontrunner in weight loss drugs, shows promise with “28.7% weight loss in Phase 3 trials,” yet the market for grey-market peptides like BPC-157 continues to blur lines between legitimate health intervention and regulatory overstep. ~ learn more

The nutrition wars will never be won. “The universality can be wrong, even when the experience is real.” A good frame for why nutrition debates keep looping: people find what works for their body, then mistake it for a rule everyone should follow. ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

AI-generated ads win, as long as users don’t know. “Across studies, we find that genAI-created ads consistently outperform both human-and genAI-modified ads, increasing click-through rates by up to 19% in field settings.” Visual generative AI shows more promise in creating ads from scratch than merely enhancing human designs. But… “Finally, we find that disclosing AI involvement in ad generation significantly reduces advertising effectiveness by up to 31.5%, underscoring trade-offs relevant to evolving AI disclosure policies.” ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

A way to rejuvenate the immune system. Stimulating the liver to produce some of the signals of the thymus can reverse age-related declines in T-cell populations and enhance response to vaccination, which is evidence of boosted immune reaction. ~ learn more

How exercise can lower Alzheimer’s risk. “Now, closely examining cells from geriatric animals’ blood-brain barriers, the researchers noticed that a damaging protein, known as TNAP, proliferated on the surface of those cells in far greater numbers than on cells from young animals, making the barrier more porous. Old animals that exercised, though, had much less TNAP dotting their blood-brain barriers than sedentary mice.” ~ learn more

Fasting hype meets a meta-analysis. “Intermittent fasting just doesn’t seem to work for overweight or obese adults trying to lose weight,” said Luis Garegnani, after a Cochrane-backed review of 22 randomized trials found IF was no better than standard dietary advice for weight loss. The paper still leaves room for possible benefits beyond the scale, like metabolic health. ~ learn more

teaching the kids 👩‍🏫

Selection bias, the real teacher. “In the world of educational data, “too good to be true” usually means there is a hidden variable in how the data was collected or filtered.” Readers may remember that I’m bullish on Alpha School’s claims on student education outcomes. Of course there’s tons of selection bias. Luke Shepard digs into Alpha School’s glossy test score claims and keeps coming back to the denominator: who got counted, who got excluded, and who could even afford to be there. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!

🏭 I had a bike riding date planned with my daughter, but it ended up a bit too cold for riding. So instead, I took her to the Deep Tech and Hardware Expo, where we saw some companies who are working on hard problems in manufacturing, biotech, robotics, and other frontier technologies. Our favorite thing was the Impulse Labs Stove, which boils a pot of water in ~1 minute. That speeds up “Time to Pasta”, which is a very important metric in our household. Another favorite was Synvect, who have a biotech approach to mosquito control. They sell buckets of GMO male mosquitos that don’t bite, outcompete locals for females, but are sterile so never reproduce. On our date we also had pizza and went to a trampoline park.

fun facts 🙌

The origin of Erewhon. I just learned that the name came from an old science fiction book. “In Erewhon, illness is crime and crime is illness.” Samuel Butler’s 1872 satire flips medicine and morality, with doctors acting more like judges than healers. ~ learn more

You were training Google’s AI. “At peak, 200 million reCAPTCHAs were solved every single day.” Sharbel argues those clicks were free data annotation from people just trying to log in, and that it helped train computer vision for products like Maps and Waymo. ~ learn more

NES Mario in Unreal Engine. “If Nintendo’s NES Super Mario Bros was made with Unreal Engine.” A quick little brain-bender clip that reimagines an 8-bit classic as glossy modern 3D. ~ learn more

oh, austin 🤠

Investigators played poker undercover in Austin. “Agents were given $600 each to play some cards on the first trip.” The warrant says the TABC ran multiple undercover visits, with agents tracking chips, drinks, security, and wins and losses as part of a broader probe into The Lodge’s finances and operations. ~ learn more

tech, startups, internet ⚡

Paul Graham’s on status brands. “Branding isn’t merely orthogonal to good design, but opposed to it.” Paul Graham uses the Swiss watch industry’s quartz crisis to explain how, once performance becomes a commodity, companies learn to sell status and distinctiveness instead. ~ learn more

The 10x lawyer arrives. “This creates, for the first time in the history of the legal profession, the conditions for 10x lawyers.” Zack Shapiro argues AI breaks BigLaw’s leverage model by making individual judgment, not hours or letterhead, the thing clients can finally see and pay for. ~ learn more

Specialized robots, not humanoids. “Humanoids have their place, but there’s a lot of room for specialized robots that do things in an efficient, sort of industrial-scale kind of way, which is sort of where we play,” Kalanick said about his new robotics company, Atoms. He’s also “on the precipice of acquiring Pronto,” an autonomous vehicle startup for industrial and mining sites. ~ learn more

Training a robot to play tennis (with video). “The imperfect human motion data consist only of motion fragments that capture the primitive skills used when playing tennis rather than precise and complete human-tennis motion sequences from real-world tennis matches.” They use these fragments as priors, then correct and compose them into a humanoid policy that can rally with people on a Unitree G1. ~ learn more

better doing 🎯

Ramp down the AI rhetoric. “This is all complete nonsense.” Geohot argues the fear narrative around AI is toxic, and that the real move is to stop playing zero sum status games and “Go create value for others and don’t worry about the returns.” ~ learn more

How Al content detectors work. GPTZero says it “was one of the first AI detectors to pioneer the idea of using ‘perplexity’ and ‘burstiness’ to evaluate writing.” The piece explains why being consistent, typo free, or just writing technical prose can get real humans falsely flagged. ~ learn more

to your health ⚕

Peptides are endogenous signals. “What makes peptides interesting is that they are endogenous signaling molecules and our body naturally produces over 7,000 of them to regulate every major biological system.” Max Marchione responds to Martin Shkreli’s skeptical take by arguing the pharma worldview misses why peptides are getting serious attention now, especially around targets, half-life engineering, and early intervention. This week they’re going to debate on a live stream! ~ learn more

retail therapy 💸

Armpit thumbnails win. “if the thumbnail showed the woman’s armpit that the views would oftentimes 5-10x” A guy ran A/B tests on AI UGC ads and ended up with a weird theory about exposed body language and clicks. ~ learn more

Not a page builder. Bookmarking for the next time I moonlight as a web designer. “Section Store adds sections directly to your existing theme, so you can keep working in Shopify’s native editor.” It’s a marketplace of 700+ Shopify theme sections that you can drop into your store with one click, then tweak in the theme editor. ~ learn more

under the microscope 🔬

Never trust The Science™. “Once you’re savvy to all of this and you get into the habit of reading papers in full (yes, methods and supplementary data too), then these lenses through which the data are distorted become very obvious and you start to see bias everywhere.” A sharp walkthrough of how bias can creep in at every step, from funding and methods to stats and media headlines. ~ learn more

Unlocking a taxpayer-funded dataset. “Microfiche is so old that most of you don’t even know what it is.” Cremieux Recueil digitized and organized the National Collaborative Perinatal Project, a 60,000 pregnancy cohort that was effectively trapped in film scans, and put it online so people can actually use it. ~ learn more

big ideas 📚

The ocean becomes the construction crew. “AI-optimized underwater structures grew more than 90 feet of new beach in six months, not by pumping sand or pouring concrete, but by programming the ocean to deposit it.” The idea is to use engineered porous structures that redirect sediment so the shoreline grows, plus an “intelligence layer” that picks sites from satellite imagery. ~ learn more

thanks for reading!